Power made easy norman lewis pdf

Neuralgia is a disease of the bones. A neurosis is the same as a psychosis. Neuritis is i. A geriatrician has very young patients. Specialist in female ailments: a obstetrician, b gynecologist, c dermatologist 2. Specialist in children's diseases: a orthopedist, b pediatrician, c internist 3.

Specialist in eye diseases: a cardiologist, b opthalmologist, c optician 4. Specialist in emotional disorders: a neurologist, b demagogue, c psychiatrist 5. Pertaining to medical treatment of the elderly: a neurological, b obstetric, c geriatric 6. Straightening of teeth: a orthodontia, b orthopedic, c optometry 7.

Personality disorder: a neuritis, b , neuralgia, c neurosis 8. Mentally unbalanced: a neurotic, b psychotic, c cardiac 9. Can you recognize roots? Recall the roots kardia and algos. What is the meaning of cardialgia'! Of odontalgia'! N ostos is the Greek word for a return home. Can you com- bine this root with algos, pain, to construct the English word meaning homesickness'! The greatest aid in building self-discipline is, as I have said, a matter of devising a practical and comfortable schedule for your- self and then keeping to that schedule.

Make sure to complete at least one session each time you pick up the book, and always decide exactly when you will continue with your work before you put the book down. There may be periods of difficulty-thenJs the time to exert the greatest self-discipline, the most determined persistence. For every page that you study will help you attain a mastery over words; every day that you work will add to your skill in un- derstanding and.

Following such outmoded principles, you may think you are speaking "perfect" English, and instead you may sound stuffy and pedantic.

The problem boils down to this: If grammatical usage is gradu- ally becoming more liberal, where does educated, unaffected, in- formal speech end? And where does illiterate, ungrammatical speech begin? The following notes on current trends in modem usage are in- tended to help you come to a decision about certain controversial expressions.

As you read each sentence, pay particular attention to the italicized word or words. Does the usage square with your own language patterns? Would you be willing to phrase your thought in just terms? Decide whether the sentence is right or wrong, then compare your conclusion with the opinion given in the explanatory paragraphs that follow the test. Have you got a dollar?. No one loves you except I. Please lay down. Who do you love?

Mother, can I go out to play? It is me. Peggy and Karen. I would like to ask you a question. If you drink too many vodka martinis, you will surely get sick. The puristic objection is that get has only one mean- ing-namely, obtain. However, as any modem dictionary will at- test, get has scores of different meanings, one of the most respecta- ble of which is become. You can get tired, get dizzy, get drunk, Qr get sick--and your choice of words will offend no one but a pedant.

Have you got a dollar? If purists get a little pale at the sound of "get sick," they turn chalk wliite when they hear have got as a substitute for have. But the fact is that have got is an established American form of expression. Jacques Barzun, noted author and literary critic, says: "Have you got is good idiomatic English-I use it in speech without thinking about it and would write it if colloqui- alism seemed appropriate to the passage.

No ones loves you except I. In educated speech, me follows the preposition ex- cept. This problem is troublesome because, to the unsophisticated, the sentence sounds as if it can be completed to "No one loves you, except I do," but current educated usage adheres to the tech- nical rule that a preposition requires an objective pronoun me. Liberal as grammar has become, there is still no sanction for using lay with the meaning of recline.

Lay means to place, as in "Lay your hand on mine. Today, many decades later, the "disposition" has become a full-fledged force. The rules for who and whom are complicated, and few edu- cated speakers have the time, patience, or expertise to bother with them. Use the democratic who in your everyday speech whenever it sounds right. Neither of these cars are worth the money. The temptation to use are in this sentence is, I admit, practically irresistible. The judge sentenced the murderer to be hung.

A distinction is made, in educated speech, between hung and hanged. A picture is hung, but a person is hanged-that is, if such action is intended to bring about an untimely. If you insist that your child say may, and nothing but may; when asking for permission, you may be considered puristic. Can is not discourteous, incorrect, or vulgar-and the newest edi- tions of the authoritative dictionaries fully sanction the use of can in requesting rights, privileges, or permission.

Take two spoonsful of this medicine every three hours. There is a strange affection, on the part of some peo- ple, for spoomful and cupsful, even though spoonsful and cupsful do not exist as acceptable words. The plurals are spoonfuls and cupfuls. I am taking for granted, of course, that you are using one spoon and fiUing it twice.

If, for secret reasons of your own, you prefer to take your medicine in two separate spoons, you may then prop- erly speak of "two spoons full not spoonsful of medicine. Your words seem to infer that Jack is a Jiar.

Infer does not mean hint or suggest. Imply is the proper word; to infer is to draw a conclusion from another's words. I will be happy to go to the concert with you. In informal speech, you need no longer worry about the technical and unrealistic distinctions between shall and will.

The theory of modern grammarians is that shall-will differences were simply invented out of whole cloth by the textbook writers of the s. As the editor of the scholarly Modern Language Forum at the University of California has stated, "The artificial distinction between shall and will to designate futurity is a super- stition that has neither a basis in historical grammar nor the sound sanction of universal usage. This "violation" of grammatical "law" has been com- pletely sanctioned by current usage.

When the late Winston Churchill made a nationwide radio address from New Haven, Connecticut, many, many years ago, his opening sentence was: "This is me, Winston Churchill. Go slow. Peggy and Karen are alumni of the same high school. In current American usage, would may be used with l, though old-fashioned rules demand l should.

Indeed, in modem speech, should is almost entirely restricted to expressing probability, duty, or responsibility. As in the case of the charitable-looking dowager who was approached by a seedy character seeking a handout. The first Roman decided fo build a road instead of cutting a path through the jungle, and engineering came into exist- ence. One day in primitive times, a human being Jent to another whatever then pass. Most people Spend part of every workday at some gainful em- ployment, honest or otherwise, and in so doing often contribute their little mite to the progress of the world.

We explore in this chapter the ideas behind people's occupa- tions-and the words that translate these ideas into verbal sym- bols. Such a professional , is often employed by industries, schools, and institutions to devise ' means for keeping workers productive and happy, students well- adjusted, and inmates contented. With a state license, this person may also do private or group therapy.

A psychologist 2. Treatment, consisting largely in listening to, and helping you to interpret the meaning of, your free-flowing ideas, is usually given in frequent sessions that may well go on for a year or more.

A psychoanalyst 3. An orthodontist 4. An optician 6. Still devised a drugless technique of curing diseases by massage and other manipulative procedures, a technique based on the theory that illness may be caused by the undue pressure of displaced bones on nerves and blood vessels. An osteopath 7. Treatment consists of manipulating most of the articulations of the body, especially those connected to the spinal column.

Li- censed and legally recognized in forty-five states, this professional has pursued academic studies and training that parallel those of the major healing professions. A chiropractor 8. A podiatrist 9. A graphologist An optician may prescribe glasses. A chiropractor has a medical degree. In psychiatrist, the combin- ing form is iatreia, medical healing.

In psychologist, the combin- ing form is logos, science or study; a psychologist, by etyn1ology, is one who studies the mind. Psyche SI'-kee is also an English word in its own right.. The adjective psychic SI'-kik refers to phe- nomena or qualities that cannot be explained in purely physical terms. People may be called psychic if they seem to possess a sixth sense, a special gift of mind reading, or any mysterious aptitudes that cannot be accounted for logically.

A person's dis- turbance is psychic if ii is emotional or mental, rather than physi- cal. Thus, a person who fears the consequence of being present at a certain meeting will suddenly develop a bad cold or backache, or even be injured in a traffic accident, so that his appearance at this meeting is made impossible. It's a real cold, it's far from ari imaginary backache, and of course one cannot in any sense doubt the reality of the automobile that injured him.

Yet, according to the psychosomatic theory of medicine, his un- conscious made him susceptible to the cold germs, caused the backache, or forced him into the path of the car. A psychosomatic disorder actually exists insofar as symptoms are concerned headache, excessive urination, pains, paralysis, heart palpitations , yet there is no organic cause within the body. The cause is within the psyche, the mind. Flanders Dunbar, in Mind and Body, gives a clear and exciting account of the in- terrelationship between emotions and diseases.

Psychoanalysis si'-ko-a-NAL'-a-sis relies on the technique of deeply, exhaustively probing into the unconscious, a technique de- veloped by Sigmund Freud. In oversimplified terms, the general principle of psychoanalysis is to guide the patient to an awareness of the deep-seated, unconscious causes of anxieties, fears, conflicts, and tension.

A psychopath Sl'-ka-path' , sometimes called a psycho- pathic personality, appears to be lacking an inner moral censor, and often commits criminal acts, without anxiety or guilt, in order to obtain im- mediate gratification of desires. Such a person may be utterly lacking in sexual restraint, or addicted to hard drugs. So you are re- ferred to a psychoanalyst or psychiatrist or clinical psychologist who practices psYchoanalytically oriented therapy. As a child you built up certain re- sentments and anxieties because you seemed unable to please your parent-and this will sound farfetched, but it is perfectly possi- ble as a result you became asthmatic.

How else were you going to get the parental love, the approbation, the attention you needed and that you felt you were not receiving? In your sessions with your therapist, you discover that your asthma is emotionally, rather than organically, based-your ail- ment is psychogenic sI'-ko-JEN'-ik , of PsYChic origin, or the terms are used more or less interchangeably although they differ somewhat in definition psychosomatic, resulting from the interac- tion of mind and body.

Psychogenic is built on psyche plus Greek genesis, birth or origin. And your treatment? No drugs, no surgery-these may help the body, not the emotions. Instead, you "work out" this is the term used in psychoanalytic [si-ko-an'-a-LIT'-ik] parlance early trauma in talk, in remembering, in exploring, in interpreting, in reliving childhood experiences. And if your asthma is indeed psychogenic or psychosomatic , therapy will very likely help you; your attacks may cease, either gradually or suddenly.

Freudian therapy is less popular today than formerly; many newer therapies-Gestalt, bioenergetics, transactional analysis, to name only a few-claim to produce quicker results. Psychological treatment aims at TRUE. FALSE sharpening the intellect. Every therapist uses psychoanalysis.

A psychopath is often a criminal. A pedodontist pee'-do-DON'-tist specializes in the care of children's teeth-the title is constructed from paidos, child, plus odontos. As a quick glance in the mirror will tell you, the gums surround the teeth, more or less. For the adjective? Greek endon, inner, within. Try your. What is the specialty? And the adjective? The prefix ex-, out, combines with odontos to form exodontist eks'DON'-tist. What do you suppose, therefore, is the work in which this practitioner specializes?

Metron is the root in many other words: 1. Osteopathy os'-tee-OP'i-thee , you will recall, was originally based on the theory that disease is caused by pressure of the bones on blood vessels and nerves.

An osteopathic os'-teei- PATH'-ik physician is not a bone specialist, despite the mislead- ing etymology-and should not be confused with the orthopedist, who is.

The podiatrist Greek pous, podos, foot, plus iatreia, medical healing practices podiatry p::i-DI'-G-tree. The adjective is po- diatric po'-dee-A T'-rik. The suffix -ium often signifies "place where," as in gymnasium, stadium, auditorium, etc. The specialty is chiropody h-ROP'-a-dee. Chiropody combines. The term was coined in the days before labor-saving machinery and push-button devices, when people worked with their hands and developed calluses on their upper ex- tremities as well as on their feet.

Today most of us earn a liveli- hood in more sedentary occupations, and so we may develop calluses on less visible portions of our anatomy. Chiropractors heal with their hands-the specialty is chiro- practic ki'-ro-PRAK'-tik. Cheir chiro- , hand, is the root in chirography ki-ROG'-ra- fee. Recalling the graph- in graphologist, can you figure out by etymology what chirography i s? If the suffix -maney comes from a Greek word meaning fore- telling or prediction, can you decide what chiromaney KI'-ro- man'-see must b e?

Orthodontia is a branch of dentistry. Chiropractic deals with handwriting. A pedodontist is a foot doctor. A periodontist is a gum specialist. A endodontist does root-canal therapy. An exodontist extracts teeth. A barometer measures heat. An octopus has eight arms. A platypus is a land mammal. A tripod has four legs. A chiromancer reads palms. We know that the graphologist analyzes handwriting, the term combining graphein with logos, science, study.

Chirographer is built on graphein plus cheir chiro- , hand. You have built so solid and unsavory a reputation that only a stranger is likely to be misled-and then, not for long. A notorious liar 2. Your skill has, in short, reached the zenith of perfection. Indeed, your mastery of the art is so great that your lying is almost always crowned with success-and you have no trouble seducing an unwary listener into believing that you are telling gospel truth.

A consummate liar 3. An incorrigible liar 4. Tell- ing untruths is as frequent and customary an activity as brushing your teeth in the morning, or having toast and coffee for break- fast, or lighting up a cigarette after dinner if you are a smoker. And almost as reflexive. This was over two thousand years ago, but I presume that Diogenes would have as little success in his searcl.

Lying seems to be an integral weakness of mortal character-I doubt that few human beings would be so brash as to claim that they have never in their lives told at least a partial untruth. Indeed, one philologist goes so far as to theorize that language must have been invented for the sole purpose of deception. Perhaps so. It is cer- tainly true that animals seem somewhat more honest than humans, maybe because they are less gifted mentally.

Why do people lie? These are the common reasons for falsification. No doubt there are other, fairly unique, motives that impel people to distort the truth. And, to come right down to it, can we always be certain what is true and what is false? If lying is a prevalent and all-too-human phenomenon, there would of course be a number of interesting words to describe different types of liars.

The question is, what kind of liar are you? Are you going to invite Doris and I to your party? Some people are almost irresistibly drawn to the pro- noun I in constructions like this one. However, not only does such use of I violate a valid and useful grammatical principle, but, more important, it is rarely heard in educated speech.

Consider it this way: You would normally say, "Are you going to invite me to your party? One writer responded: "It has been right for about years ' Editors of magazines and newspapers questioned on the same point were just a shade more conservative. Sixty out of sixty-nine accepted the usage. One editor commented: "I think we do not have to be nice about nice any longer.

No one can eradicate it from popular speech as a synonym for pleasant, or enjoyable, or kind, or courteous. It is a workhorse of the vocabulary, and prop- erly so. As in the famous story of the editor who said to her secretary: "There are two words I wish you would stop using so much. One is 'nice' and the other is 'lousy. He's pretty sick today. RIGHT, One of the purist's pet targets of attack is the word pretty as used in the sentence under discussion.

Yet all modern dictionaries accept such use of pretty, and a survey made by a professor at the University of Wisconsin showed that the usage is established English. I feel awfully sick. Dictionaries accept this usage in informal speech and the University of Wisconsin survey showed that it is established English. The great popularity of awfully in educated speech is no doubt due to the strong and unique emphasis that the word gives to an adjective-substitute very, quite, extremely, or severely-and you considerably weaken the force.

On the other hand, it is somewhat less than cultivated to say "I feel awful sick," and the wisdom of using awfully to intensify a pleasant concept "What an awfully pretty child"; "That book.

Of twelve dictionary editors, eleven accepted further, and in the case of the authors, thirteen out of twenty-three accepted the word as used.

A professor of English at Cornell University remarked: "I know of no justification for any present-day distinctj. As applied to spatial distance, further and farther have long been interchangeable. Some people adniit that their principle goal in life is to become wealthy. In speech, you can get principal and principle con- fused as often as you like, and no one will ever know the difference-both words are pronounced identically. In writing, however, your spelling will give you away.

There is a simple memory trick that will help you if you get into trouble with these two words. Rule and principle both end in -le-and a principle is a rule. On the other hand, principal con- tains an a, and so does main-and principal means main. Get these points straight and your confusion is over. Heads of schools are called prineipals, because they are the main person in that institution of learning. The money you have in the bank is your principal, your main financial assets.

And the stars of a play are prineipals-the main actors. Thus, "Some people admit that their principal main goal in life is to become wealthy," but "Such a principle rule is not guaranteed to lead to happiness. What a nice thing to say! Purists object to the popular use of nice as a synonym for pleasant, agreefible, or delightful.

They wish to restrict the word to its older and more erudite meaning of exact or subtle. You will be happy to hear that they aren't getting anywhere. Correctness, in short, is determined by current educated usage.

The following notes on current trends in modern usage are in- tended to help you come to a decision about certain controversial expressions. Would you be willing to phrase your thoughts in just such terms? Decide whether the sentence is "right" or "wrong," then compare your conclusions with the opin- ions given after the test. Let's not walk any further right now. In the nineteenth century, when professional grammari- ans attempted to Latinize English grammar, an artificial distinc- tion was drawn between farther and further, to wit: farther refers to space, further means to a greater extent or additional.

Today, as a result, many teachers who are still under the forbidding in- fluence of nineteenth-century restrictions insist that it is incorrect to use one word for the other. To check on current attitudes toward this distinction, I sent the test sentence above to a number of dictionary editors, authors, and professors of English, requesting their opinion of the accepta- bility of further in, reference to actual distance. Their contribution to the complexity of modern living is the repeated claim that many of the natural, carefree, and popular expressions that most of us use every day are "bad English," "incorrect grammar," "vulgar," or "illiterate.

Students in my grammar cfasses at Rio Hondo College are somewhat nonplused when they discover that correctness is not determined by textbook rules and cannot be enforced by school- teacher edict.

They invariably ask: "Aren't you going to draw the line somewhere? The Human Mind, by Karl A. Spurgeon English and Gerald H. Pearson Next, I suggest books on some of the newer approaches in psy- chology. These are available in inexpensive paperback editions as well. Harris, M. The Transparent Self, by Sydney M. Those who are familiar with Freud's theories know all the words that explain them-the unconscious, the ego, the id, the superego, rationalization, Oedipus complex, and so on.

Splitting the atom was once a new idea-anyone famil- iar with it knew something about fission, isotope, radioactive, cyclotron, etc. The words you know show the extent of your understanding of what's going on in the world.

The size of your vocabulary varies directly with the degree to which you are grow- ing intellectually. You have covered so far in this book several hundred words. Having learned these words, you have begun to think of an equal number of new ideas. Realizing these facts, you may become impatient. You will begin to doubt that a book like this can cover all the ideas that an alert and intellectually mature adult wishes to be acquainted with. Your doubt is well-founded.

One of the chief purposes of this book is to get you started, to give you enough of a push so that you will begin to gather momentum, to stimtilate you enough so that you will want to start gathering your own ideas. Where can you gather them? From good books on new topics. For those Indian students who have to clear the Test of English as a Foreign Language TOEFL , an essential examination for securing admission to many overseas universities, improving vocabulary and knowing about the correct usage of similarly spelled words or words pronounced words is most essential.

Word Power Made Easy: The Complete Handbook For Building A Superior Vocabulary is a superior reference book and guide that exerts all its efforts in making the content and its education more accessible and easy to use.

This reissued edition contains revised content that is more attuned to the current idiomatic use of the English language and archaic analogies have been replaced through the book. The book is divided into three sections. The first section starts with more basic nuances of speaking the language. Here the author begins by first testing the readers present grasp over vocabulary. It moves on to the domain of describing the use of the English language in conversation with different personalities including doctors, scientists, liars and in turn presents information on conveying ideas related to the aforementioned personas.

It then drives on to the second section whereby the focus is not just on conveying information but also emotions that vary across insulting, flattering and conversing about actions. The third section deals with complete success in mastering the language. Every chapter ends with a review and the end of each section leads to a progressive check text that comprehensively involves all the content of that section. Here the flexibility of the language, idiomatic use of slang, speaking naturally and interesting derivatives are discussed in a concise manner.

The book also has a number of tests to improve your language. Not just students who are seeking admission to prestigious foreign universities, this book also has many takers who are working to improve their vocabulary and general hold over the English language. This word power made easy book is one of the best book to improve their english language vocabulary. Word power made easy book pdf is the most effective vocabulary builder in the english language.

Nowadays, english language is very important to tackle day to day activities or work. In every field, english language is very crucial to crack competitive examination english section is must for specific exams such as ssc cgl, IBPS PO and various other. The book consists of a simple, step by step method that will increase your knowledge and mastery of the english language. Government Exams.

Vocabulary is a momentous section to secure maximum marks. So if you are college student and have sufficient time, I would recommend to go through them. These papers comprise English section to test your knowledge of English Language. With … Ever got stuck with a word while reading the newspaper and you kind of assumed the meaning because you were lazy to look it up? Can you Pass? Structure of the book T his is subdivided into About 40 sessions mini-chapters. But actually this book is written in a.